Chinthaka Asanka Blogs

This is the use of electricity to generate heat in tissues. For the surgeon, the heating to be enough to vaporize or coagulate the tissue. The electricity has to be of high frequency, usually referred to as radio-frequency .This is because it falls into the range of frequencies used for wireless transmissions. One of the main values of the high frequency is that it is too fast to stimulate nervefibers. This means that you don’t get spasm or paralysis of muscle. To avoid these unwanted effects, you need frequencies greater than 100 kHz. Diathermy units use frequencies from 500 kHz (500,000 cycles per second) to 2 MHz (2 million cycles per second). Types of diathermy There are two types used in surgery: unipolar and bipolar.                       Unipolar      this is the type of diathermy that is most often used in surgery, including open, minimally invasive. Follow the wire from the “act

Cervical  dilator          Cervical  dilator  use  to induce dilation  of  cervix                                 Uterine sound It is use to detect weather uterus  is anti / retroverted Curette A curette is a surgical instrument designed for scraping biological tissue or debris in a biopsy, excision, or cleaning procedure. In form, the curette is a small hand tool, often similar in shape to a stylus; at the tip of the curette is a small scoop, hook, or gouge. The verb to curette means to scrape with a curette. . Surgeons often use a curette for the debridement of tissue, a common example of which is dilation and curettage of the uterus performed in gynaecology. . Episiotomy  scissor Use  to  put an episiotomy cuts  during deliveries Vaginal   Speculums Use to  inspect  vaginal cavity during vaginal examination , also  speculum placed  in  vagina during vaginal  surgeries   with  the patient in  the  lithotomy  position.  Several  types Sim s  speculum Cosco s 

Forceps Doctors  use  forceps  &  hemostats  to  grasp  &  hold tissues  &  foreign bodies. These  instruments  give doctors  control over a distance.  Most of  forceps  locked  in proximal part. Mosquito  forceps Shape of  entire  tool  is  resembles  of  the  thin  proboscis  of mosquito  &  insect wings.  This  have  small tip &  short  distance  between  tip  &  hinge. This  gives  more power  over the   tip. Smaller  type  of  artery  forcep. Tooth &  non tooth  forceps Tooth  forceps  use to hold  tissues  ,  where  as  the smooth  forceps  are  for holding  &  tying sutures.  Some  forceps  designs  for both purposes  they  are  mainly use  in ophthalmic  surgaries.   This tool having 3  parts                      Working  end (tip)                      Shaft                      Handle Artery  Forceps Also  called  hemostat.  Use  to  close  ruptured  blood  vessels. Hel

These  information  gathered  by myself  & few of  my colleges  during  introductory period of our  clinical  (Ragama medical faculty - Sri Lanka) . I hope this will help you to gain some knowledge on  endoscopy…………